Se puede leer el registro de windows desde SQLServer

Puedes utilizar el procedimiento almacenado extendido "xp_regread":

[...] xp_regread: This extended stored procedure is used to read from the registry

Syntax:
EXECUTE xp_regread [@rootkey=]'rootkey',
[@key=]'key'
[, [@value_name=]'value_name']
[, [@value=]@value OUTPUT]

For example, to read into the variable @test from the value 'TestValue' from the key 'SOFTWARE\Test'
from the 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', run:

DECLARE @test varchar(20)
EXEC master..xp_regread @rootkey='HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',
@key='SOFTWARE\Test',
@value_name='TestValue',
@value=@test OUTPUT
SELECT @test

Un saludo!

Rubén Vigón
Microsoft MVP Visual Basic